Ronald Bradley v. William G. Milliken, Governor of Michigan’s Empirical Analysis
433 F.2d 897 · 1970
Citation profile
23 federal appellate · 1 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 42 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently November 2001 · most notably Milliken v. Bradley (1974), Brown v. Neeb (1981)
23 federal appellate · 1 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Ex Parte: Edward T Young · Brown et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka et al. · Brown v. Board of Education · Green v. County School Board of New Kent County · Cooper v. Aaron
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 42 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““State action in any form, whether by statute, act of the executive department of a State or local government, or otherwise, will not be permitted to impede, delay or frustrate proceedings to protect the rights guaranteed to members of all races under the Fourteenth Amendment.” Bradley, supra, at 902.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage““In the present case the Detroit Board of Education in the exercise of its discretion took affirmative steps on its own initiative to effect an improved racial balance . . . . ” At page 904 of the Bradley case.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage““State action cannot be interposed to delay, obstruct or nullify steps lawfully taken for the purpose of protecting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment.” Page 903.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.