Barham v. Ramsey’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

14 federal appellate · 38 district ·

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 65 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “case law addressing large-scale demonstration scenarios does not suspend — or even qualify — the normal operation of the Fourth Amendment probable cause requirements. Rather this case law merely amplifies one essential premise ...: when compelling circumstances are present, the police may be justified in detaining an undifferentiated crowd of protesters, but only after providing a lawful order to disperse followed by a reasonable opportunity to comply with that order.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. 561 F. Supp. 2d 7 - Carr v. District of Columbia · 565 F. Supp. 2d 94 - Carr v. District of Columbia

2. “from liability for civil damages insofar as their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person would have known.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. Richardson v. Sauls

3. “No person shall fail or refuse to comply with any lawful order or direction of any police officer ... invested by law with authority to direct, control, or regulate traffic.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. 795 F. Supp. 2d 7 - Dormu v. District of Columbia