Michael L. Shakman and Paul M. Lurie v. The Democratic Organization of Cook County’s Empirical Analysis
435 F.2d 267 · 1970
Citation profile
47 federal appellate · 3 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 88 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently August 2022 · most notably Elrod v. Burns (1976), White v. Rochford (1979)
47 federal appellate · 3 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Baker v. Carr · Bell v. Hood · Reynolds v. Sims · Snowden v. Hughes · Williams v. Rhodes
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 88 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[t]he equal protection clause secures from invidious official discrimination the voter's interest in a voice in government of equal effectiveness with other voters.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“One may foresee that in the areas of proof, and devising relief if the claims be proved, care will be required in order to distinguish between compelled and voluntary political support by public employees. Except to the extent some statute validly restricts political expression or activity by public employees, such individu als enjoy the same right of political association and expression on their own time, as anyone else. We do not view possible difficulties of the sort just mentioned as demonstrating a “lack of judicially discoverable and manageable standards for resolving” the case or as requiring, at the pleading stage, a decision that plaintiff’s claim is not justiciable.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“We note the argument, made by several defendants that the complaint is fatally deficient for failing to join as defendant the Republican party. We find no merit in the proposition. ( 435 F.2d at 271 )”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.