Cayce v. Adams’s Empirical Analysis
1977
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 3 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 11 later decisions — most recently May 2015
2 federal appellate · 3 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 29 U.S.C. § 206 (Equal Pay Act of 1963) · 29 U.S.C. § 216 · 29 U.S.C. § 255 · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 703 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on Corning Glass Works v. Brennan
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 11 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“There was a knowing failure to pursue a classification investigation designed to put male and female employees doing “equal work” on an equal footing consistent with classification standards. The differential was sex-based as a matter of law and fact. Thus the classification system, as applied, was not bona fide. In this instance neither the classifiers nor [the supervisor] were shown to have had any bias against females. Nonetheless the discrepancy was knowingly permitted. Since it differentiated between a lower paid woman and a higher paid man doing “equal work” and was shown to be sex based, recovery under the Equal Pay Act must be granted—”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“... however ‘bona fide’ the Civil Service Classification system appears on paper, if it is not applied in a sex-blind manner, differences are not entitled to exemption from the operation of the Equal Pay Act. A classification system reflecting differ- enees based on sex, whether as drafted or as applied, cannot be bona fide.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.