¶1The doctrine of Ward v. Cole, 32 N. H. 452, is, that absence from the State to prevent the running of the statute of limitations, must be such that process could not be served on the debtor, so that judgment could be obtained, to bind him personally in any jurisdiction; and this doctrine is affirmed in Ward v. Howe, 38 N. H. 35. And this doctrine was applied when the debtor’s absence was temporary, on a voyage with his family, and expecting to be gone three years, but leaving property in this State.
¶2The same general doctrine is found in Gilman v. Cutts, 23 N. H. 377, and the same case in 27 N. H. 348. - In the latter case, where the debtor worked in a neighboring State during the summer seasons, but returned once a fortnight to his family in this State, where they kept house, and staid from Saturday night until Monday morning, and sometimes came oftener; it was held that legal service could have been made upon him by leaving a copy at his place of abode in this State; and that therefore such absence should not be excluded.
¶3In the case before us, the debtor went to California, leaving his wife and child upon his homestead farm in this State, and has remained there, without returning at all, for many years ; making a case much like that of Ward v. Cole, with the single exception that in the latter the debtor took his family with him, and therefore ceased, for the time, to have any place of abode for himself or his family in this State.
¶4The question then is, whether, during the debtor’s absence in California, he could be regarded as having his last and usual place of abode in New-Hampshire, so that service could have been made upon him by leaving there a copy of the writ.
¶5Upon a careful consideration of this question we think he had no such place of abode in this State; although, if his intention to *448return was shown, his legal domicil would have been here, yet his actual place of abode, in the meaning of the statute, must be regarded as in California, where he lived without interruption for the'last twelve years.
¶6In Gilman v. Cutts, 27 N. H. 348, stress is put upon the fact that the debtor returned once in a week or two to his home in Exeter ; and we think very properly, because he was clearly in a position to receive notice of the suit, from the copy left at his house, although left at the last moment required for the service ; and the court in that case waive the consideration of the question arising upon the continued absence of the debtor in Ohio for three or four years together.
¶7Such an absence we think clearly comes within the policy of this statute provision, and within the principle of the adjudged cases, and the distinction between such a case and that of Gilman v. Cutts is strongly marked, and is in accordance, we conceive, with the practical construction given to the law.
¶8There must, therefore, be
¶9Judgment for the plaintiff.