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44 Tex. 642

Mann v. State

Texas Supreme Court

Decided July 1, 1876

Texas Supreme Court · decided 1876-07-01

Tried below before the Hon. A. P. McCormick. The appellant was convicted of. rape upon Teresa Lotke, a girl of about twelve years of age, and daughter of a woman with whom he had been living for several years as man and wife. ■ On the trial Teresa appeared as witness ; was much excited when placed - on the witness stand; at first declared that the- accused had never injured her. Being again ex? amined by direct questions, facts showing the guilt of the accused were elicited.

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“the guilt of the appellant was left too uncertain ... to justify the court in refusing him another trial.”

quoted by 1 later decision, including Keeter v. State

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1876-07-01

How this case has been cited

Cited by 6 later decisions — most recently May 2002

6 state decisions

2018761880189019001910192019301940195019601970198019902000decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

Gould, Associate Justice.

¶1The Code of Criminal Procedure, following the common law, provides that “the husband and wife Can in no case testify against each other except in a criminal prosecution for an offense committed by one against the other.” (Paschal’s Dig., aft. 3113.) There is nothing in the language of the code to justify the extension of this prohibition beyond its terms or beyond the common-law rule, so as to embrace parties who, though never legally married, in violation of law lived together and recognized each other as husband and wife. (Rosc. Cr. Ev., p. 148; 1 Phillips’s Ev., pp. 69, 70; 1 Whart. Am. Cr. Law, (6th ed.,) sec. 772; Bathews v. Golindo, 4 Bing., 610.)

¶2It follows that the objection to the competency of Mrs. Lotice or Mrs. Mann was properly overruled.

¶3The court did not err in permitting leading questions to the witness, Teresa Lotice, under the circumstances stated in the bill of exceptions. It is a matter much within the discretion of the court, and in this case we see no reason to hold that this discretion was not properly exercised.

¶4The charge of the court was explicit, full, and fair, and, indeed, has not been objected to.

¶5We think, however, that a new trial should have beén granted.

¶6Looking to the fact that without the testimony of Teresa Lotke no caséis made out against the defendant; that on *644the stand she at first wholly exculpated him from the crime; that her testimony inculpating the accused was drawn out by leading questions at a subsequent stage of the trial, and was of itself indefinite and unsatisfactory as to the degree of resistance made and force used; that her demeanor on the stand showed great excitement and timidity; that the testimony of her mother as to complaint made by her daughter is also indefinite, and the medical testimony contradictory ; that the witness, Teresa, after the trial, made oath that her first statements when on the stand, to the effect that the accused had not injured her, were true, and her statements to the contrary were made not knowing their bearing, and were untrue; that her mother, Mrs. Lotice, likewise swore, in support of the motion for new trial, that her daughter was weak-minded and unreliable. We think the case was such as required that the motion for a new trial should be granted.

¶7It has been held a good ground for new trial in civil cases that a material witness had since the trial been convicted of perjury on his own confession. (Great Falls Man’f. Co. v. Matthews, 5 N. H., 174.)

¶8So where a witness makes affidavit of his own mistake. (Richardson v. Fisher, 1 Benj., 145.)

¶9Looking at the entire case, including the affidavits, it is our opinion that the guilt of the appellant was left too uncertain, and the character of the evidence against him appeared too frail and unreliable, to justify the court in refusing him another trial.

¶10The affidavits certainly show material testimony, which comes sufficiently within the meaning of new testimony, discovered since the trial. The statute regulating new trials in criminal cases should be liberally construed to promote the ends of justice.

¶11Because the court erred in refusing a new trial, the judgment is reversed and the cause remanded.

¶12Reversed and remanded.

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