United States v. Pennington’s Empirical Analysis
441 F.2d 249 · 1971
Citation profile
40
cited by 40 later decisions
1
cited 1 times by the Supreme Court
13
states following
January 1979
most recently cited
16 federal appellate · 2 district · 14 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on Carroll v. United States · Chambers v. Maroney · Preston v. United States · United States v. Johnson · United States v. Johnson
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 40 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““Personal effects unlawfully contained within lawfully impounded automobiles must be protected for the benefit of owners. Officers cannot send property off in the custody of others without knowing what is due to be returned. The only reasonable method for the prevention of such an occurrence after a valid arrest necessitating the detention of the automobile is to inventory contents and to take receipts from the person who is thereafter to be responsible. . . . ””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.