Raymond Graham v. Vernell R. Roberts’s Empirical Analysis
441 F.2d 995 · 1970
Citation profile
4 federal appellate · 2 district · 17 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 25 later decisions — most recently September 2013 · most notably Fosgate v. Corona (1974), Lacy v. District of Columbia (1980)
4 federal appellate · 2 district · 17 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 25 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Apparently, there was no evidence adduced at trial by either side regarding what proportion of the appellant’s damage was attributable to the lack of a prompt referral. We hold with the better modern authorities that the culpable defendant in such situations is liable for all damages unless he introduces evidence from which a fair apportionment can be made.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The actor’s negligent conduct is a legal cause of harm to another if (a) his conduct is a substantial factor in bringing about the harm, and (b) there is no rule of law relieving the actor from liability because of the manner in which his negligence has resulted in the harm.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[i]t would thus be manifestly reasonable to conclude that this delay was a major factor in the worsening of the appellant's condition: hence a substantial factor in causing the harm to the appellant.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.