Robert Caldwell v. The National Brewing Company and Brewery Workers Local Union No. 185’s Empirical Analysis
443 F.2d 1044 · 1971
Citation profile
48 federal appellate · 10 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 106 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently August 2021 · most notably Johnson v. Railway Express Agency, Inc. (1975), Patterson v. McLean Credit Union (1989)
48 federal appellate · 10 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co. · Waters v. Wisconsin Steel Works of International Harvester Co. · Young v. International Telephone & Telegraph Co. · Sanders v. Dobbs Houses, Inc. · William J. BEVERLY, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. LONE STAR LEAD CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION, Defendant-Appellee
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 106 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“All persons within the jurisdiction of the United States shall have the same right in every State and Territory to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind, and to no other.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority““Because of the strong emphasis which Congress placed upon conciliation, we do not think that aggrieved persons should be allowed intentionally to by-pass the Commission without good reason. We hold, therefore, that an aggrieved person may sue directly under section 1981 if he pleads a reasonable excuse for his failure to exhaust EEOC remedies.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority““The national public policy reflected both in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and in § 1981 may not be frustrated by the development of overly technical judicial doctrines of standing or election of remedies.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.