United States v. Bailey’s Empirical Analysis
1980
Citation profile
1,185 federal appellate · 123 district · 635 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 2,609 later decisions (45 by the Supreme Court) — most recently January 2026 · most notably Farmer v. Brennan (1994), Hudson v. Palmer (1984)
1,185 federal appellate · 123 district · 635 state decisions — followed in 45 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedUnited States v. Bailey (from District of Columbia Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Estelle v. Gamble · Bell v. Wolfish · Morissette v. United States · Hamling v. United States · Sandstrom v. Montana
Cited together with Morissette v. United States · Jackson v. Virginia · Toussie v. United States · Liparota v. United States · United States v. United States Gypsum Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 2,609 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[i]n a general sense ... corresponds loosely with the concept of general intent.”
162 later decisions quote this exact passage““[w]hoever escapes from the custody of the Attorney General or his authorized representative, or from any institution or facility in which he is confined by direction of the Attorney General, or from any custody under or by virtue of any process issued under the laws of the United States by any court ... shall, if the custody or confinement is by virtue of an arrest on a charge of felony ... be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both____””
14 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“It is for [jurors] and not for appellate courts, to say that a particular witness spoke the truth or fabricated a cock-and-bull story.”
14 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.