Baldwin v. Smith’s Empirical Analysis
446 F.2d 1043 · 1971
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 1 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 13 later decisions — most recently June 1990
3 federal appellate · 1 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Railroad Commission v. Pullman Co. · Griffin v. People of the State of Illinois · Wisconsin v. Constantineau · Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections Butts · Tate v. Short
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 13 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“States should be given broad discretion to determine which of a variety of possible rehabilitative and disciplinary techniques will be most effective with a given prisoner in a given situation.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.