United States v. Monteiro’s Empirical Analysis
447 F.3d 39 · 2006
Citation profile
15 federal appellate · 12 district · 6 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 39 later decisions — most recently August 2025 · most notably United States v. Ruidíaz (2008), State v. Bishop (2009)
15 federal appellate · 12 district · 6 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Florida v. Royer · Ornelas v. United States · Whren v. United States · Adams v. Williams
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 39 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“seated in a nearby vehicle [in a high-crime area] was carrying narcotics and had a gun at his waist”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.