United States v. Orange’s Empirical Analysis
447 F.3d 792 · 2006
Citation profile
14 federal appellate · 4 district · 11 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 101 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently April 2025 · most notably Berghuis v. Smith (2010), United States v. Hamilton (2007)
14 federal appellate · 4 district · 11 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 18 U.S.C. § 286 · 18 U.S.C. § 287 · 28 U.S.C. § 1291 · 28 U.S.C. § 1863 · 28 U.S.C. § 2255 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Strickland v. Washington · Taylor v. Louisiana · Duren v. Missouri · Castaneda v. Partida · George Smith Warden v. Lee Robbins
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 101 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“when a court is presented with evidence of comparative and absolute disparities, and those disparities fall within our accepted range, a court need not look further into other statistical methods.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Washington v. People“Discrepancies resulting from the private choices of potential jurors do not represent the kind of constitutional infirmity contemplated by Duren.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“Orange cannot establish a Fifth Amendment violation because the record does not support any purposeful discrimination.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Washington v. People
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.