United States v. Gardner’s Empirical Analysis
448 F.2d 617 · 1971
Citation profile
27 federal appellate · 1 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 32 later decisions — most recently April 1993 · most notably United States v. Gross (1971), United States v. Vasquez (1973)
27 federal appellate · 1 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 922 (Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act) · 26 U.S.C. § 5841 (§ 201 of the Gun Control Act of 1968)
Relies on United States v. Freed
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 32 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“that the defendant knew the characteristics of the weapon that rendered it subject to registration, in order to convict....”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“as defined by the Act. Gardner declared that the government was not required to prove inter alia”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“A reading of this opinion by the Supreme Court will suffice.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.