United States v. Williams’s Empirical Analysis
449 F.3d 635 · 2006
Citation profile
7 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 21 later decisions — most recently June 2023
7 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 18 U.S.C. § 3731 · 8 U.S.C. § 1324 (§ 274 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter))
Relies on Apprendi v. New Jersey · Almendarez-Torres v. United States · Blockburger v. United States · In the Matter of Samuel Winship · Ring v. Arizona
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 21 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“First: that an alien had entered or remained in the United States in violation of the law; and Second: that the defendant knew or recklessly disregarded the fact that the alien was in the United States in violation of the law; and Third: that the defendant transported or moved, or attempted to transport or move the alien within the United States with intent to further the alien’s unlawful presence; and Fourth: that the defendant transported or moved, or attempted to transport or move the alien within the United States for the purpose of commercial advantage or private financial gain.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“The 'financial gain' fact is an 'element' of a separate, greater offense.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“'element' of a greater aggravated offense,”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.