No. 94-3025’s Empirical Analysis
1995
Citation profile
48 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 170 later decisions — most recently December 2022 · most notably Lum, No. 05-2361 (2007)
48 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Erie Co v. Tompkins · United Mine Workers of America v. Gibbs · Heck v. Humphrey · Carnegie-Mellon University v. Cohill · American Fire & Casualty Co. v. Finn
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 170 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“where the claim over which the district court has original jurisdiction is dismissed before trial, the district court must decline to decide the pendent state claims unless considerations of judicial economy, convenience, and fairness to the parties provide an affirmative justification for doing so.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“(a) Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) or as expressly provided otherwise by Federal statute, in any civil action of which the district courts have original jurisdiction, the district courts shall have supplemental jurisdiction over all other claims that are so related to claims in the action within such original jurisdiction that they form part of the same case or controversy under Article III of the United States Constitution. Such supplemental jurisdiction shall include claims that involve the joinder or intervention of additional parties.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“a limited exception to the operation of the doctrine of pendent jurisdiction — a doctrine that seeks to promote judicial economy, convenience, and fairness to litigants by litigating in one case all claims that arise out of the same nucleus of operative fact.” Borough of West Mifflin v. Lancaster, 45 F.3d 780, 789 (3d Cir.1995). Jurisdiction should be declined “only where there is an important countervailing interest to be served by relegating state claims to state court,””
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.