45 Va. App. 375 - Gonzales v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis
2005
Citation profile
19
cited by 19 later decisions
1
states following
February 2019
most recently cited
19 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on United States v. Lane · United States v. Abel · Baskett v. United States · Funk v. United States · 48 Cal. 3d 321 - People v. Harrison
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 19 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The standard for non-constitutional error is established in Virginia's harmless error statute, Code § 8.01-678, which provides, in pertinent part: "When it plainly appears from the record and the evidence given at the trial that the parties have had a fair trial on the merits and substantial justice has been reached, no judgment shall be arrested or reversed. . . [f]or any . . . defect, imperfection, or omission in the record, or for any error committed on the trial."”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the dissent“[t]hat it was against her will and without her consent”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the dissent“[t]hat it was by force, threat or intimidation.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.