Edwards v. Arizona’s Empirical Analysis
1981
Citation profile
2,209 federal appellate · 429 district · 7,113 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 11,916 later decisions (106 by the Supreme Court) — most recently February 2026 · most notably Teague v. Lane (1989), Griffith v. Kentucky (1987)
2,209 federal appellate · 429 district · 7,113 state decisions — followed in 49 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Schneckloth v. Bustamonte · Johnson v. Zerbst · Faretta v. California
Cited together with Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Rhode Island v. Innis · Johnson v. Zerbst · Oregon v. Bradshaw · Michigan v. Jackson
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 11,916 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“unless the accused himself initiates further communication, exchanges, or conversations with the police.”
674 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“expressed his desire to deal with the police only through counsel,”
75 later decisions quote this exact passage“If, as frequently would occur in the course of a meeting initiated by the accused, the conversation is not wholly one-sided, it is likely that the officers will say or do something that clearly would be “interrogation.” In that event, the question would be whether a valid waiver of the right to counsel and the right to silence had occurred, that is, whether the purported waiver was knowing and intelligent and found to be so under the totality of the circumstances, including the necessary fact that the accused, not the police, reopened the dialogue with the authorities.”
53 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.