Northwest Airlines, Inc. v. Transport Workers Union’s Empirical Analysis
1981
Citation profile
591 federal appellate · 247 district · 89 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,800 later decisions (65 by the Supreme Court) — most recently June 2026 · most notably Landgraf v. USI Film Products (1994), Pilot Life Insurance v. Dedeaux (1987)
591 federal appellate · 247 district · 89 state decisions — followed in 22 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedNorthwest Airlines, Inc. v. Transport Workers Union of America (from District of Columbia Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 15 U.S.C. § 77K (§ 11 of the Securities Act of 1933) · 15 U.S.C. § 78I (§ 9 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) · 28 U.S.C. § 1292 · 29 U.S.C. § 185 (§ 301 of the Labor Management Relations Act of 1947 (Taft-Hartley Act)) · 29 U.S.C. § 201 (American Samoa Labor Standards Amendments of 1956) · 29 U.S.C. § 206 (Equal Pay Act of 1963) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 703 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 706 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on Scheuer v. Rhodes · Cort v. Ash · Textile Workers v. Lincoln Mills of Ala. · Cannon v. University of Chicago · Touche Ross & Co. v. Redington
Cited together with Cort v. Ash · Texas Industries, Inc. v. Radcliff Materials, Inc. · Transamerica Mortgage Advisors, Inc. v. Lewis · Touche Ross & Co. v. Redington · Cannon v. University of Chicago
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,800 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The presumption that a remedy was deliberately omitted from a statute is strongest when Congress has enacted a comprehensive legislative scheme including an integrated system of procedures for enforcement.”
44 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“unless this congressional intent can be inferred from the language of the statute, the statutory structure, or some other source, the essential predicate for implication of a private remedy simply does not exist.”
34 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the language of the statute itself, its legislative history, the underlying purpose and structure of the statutory scheme, and the likelihood that Congress intended to supersede or to supplement existing State remedies.”
16 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.