United States v. Holmes’s Empirical Analysis
452 F.2d 249 · 1971
Citation profile
38 federal appellate · 1 district · 10 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 57 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently February 2023 · most notably Waller v. Georgia (1984), United States v. Williams (1984)
38 federal appellate · 1 district · 10 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 3052 · 18 U.S.C. § 4244 · 26 U.S.C. § 7607
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Chapman v. State of California · Katz v. United States · Bruton v. United States · United States v. Wade
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 57 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The mere presence of a third party would strongly suggest that he was intended to perform a useful function in connection with the transaction.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.