Hodel v. Indiana’s Empirical Analysis
1981
Citation profile
273 federal appellate · 128 district · 172 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 953 later decisions (37 by the Supreme Court) — most recently June 2024 · most notably Federal Communications Commission v. Beach Communications, Inc. (1993), Heller v. Doe Ex Rel. Doe (1993)
273 federal appellate · 128 district · 172 state decisions — followed in 17 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Duke Power Co. v. Carolina Environmental Study Group, Inc. · City of New Orleans v. Dukes · Vance v. Bradley · Hodel v. Virginia Surface Mining & Reclamation Assn., Inc. · Usery v. Turner Elkhorn Mining Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 953 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“clear showing of arbitrariness and irrationality.”
44 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“A complex regulatory program ... can survive a Commerce Clause challenge without showing that every single facet of the program is independently and directly related to a valid congressional goal. It is enough that the challenged provisions are an integral part of the regulatory program and that the regulatory scheme when considered as a whole satisfies [the substantial effect] test.”
12 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“adjusting the burdens and benefits of economic life.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.