Baity v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1970
Citation profile
75 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 75 later decisions — most recently May 1992 · most notably Brown v. State (1972), Armstrong v. State (1977)
75 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Terry v. Ohio · Sibron v. State of New York Peters · 268 Cal. App. 2d 653 - People v. Manis · Seefurth v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 75 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““Any peace officer may arrest, without warrant, persons found in suspicious places and under circumstances which reasonably show that such persons have been guilty of some felony or breach of the peace, or threaten, or are about to commit some offense against the laws.””
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrencee.g. Wallace v. State · Lara v. State““The Fourth Amendment has been held not to require a policeman who lacks a precise level of information necessary for probable cause to arrest so simply shrug his shoulders and allow crime to occur or a criminal to escape. Circumstances short of probable cause for arrest may justify temporary detention for investigation and questioning. Thus neither tests of reliability demanded for showing of probable cause nor showing of probable cause is required to justify an investigative stop. A brief stop of a suspicious individual in order to determine his identity or to maintain status quo momentarily while obtaining more information may be reasonable in light of facts known to the officer at the time.””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence““We need not decide that question for the appellant, testifying in his own behalf, related on direct examination that he had stated to the officer he had a money box in his possession and that it had come from the Piccadilly Cafeteria. Appellant cannot complain of the improper admission of testimony which he later voluntarily offers himself and expounds upon.””
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrencee.g. Alvarez v. State · Tsoi v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.