Haynes v. Level 3 Communications, LLC’s Empirical Analysis
456 F.3d 1215 · 2006
Citation profile
21 federal appellate · 99 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 154 later decisions — most recently June 2023 · most notably Metzler v. Federal Home Loan Bank (2006), Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. C.R. England, Inc. (2011)
21 federal appellate · 99 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
Relationships
Relies on Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway Co. v. White · National Railroad Passenger Corporation v. Morgan · Delaware State College v. Ricks · United Air Lines, Inc. v. Evans · Kansas v. Colorado
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 154 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Only acts that constitute a significant change in employment status, such as hiring, firing, failing to promote, reassignment with significantly different responsibilities, or a decision causing a significant change in benefits will rise to the level of an adverse employment action.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“may proffer 'evidence of circumstances that justify an inference of retaliatory motive, such as protected conduct closely followed by adverse action.'”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Such actions are not simply limited to monetary losses in the form of wages or benefits. Instead, we take a case-by-case approach, examining the unique factors relevant to the situation at hand. Nevertheless, we will not consider a mere inconvenience or an alteration of job responsibilities to be an adverse employment action.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.