Pullman-Standard v. Swint’s Empirical Analysis
1982
Citation profile
3,287 federal appellate · 212 district · 448 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 5,516 later decisions (102 by the Supreme Court) — most recently February 2026 · most notably Strickland v. Washington (1984), Anderson v. City of Bessemer City (1985)
3,287 federal appellate · 212 district · 448 state decisions — followed in 32 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedSwint v. Pullman-Standard (from Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (Civil Rights Act of 1866) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 701 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 703 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green · United States v. United States Gypsum Co. · International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. United States · Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp. · Griggs v. Duke Power Co.
Cited together with United States v. United States Gypsum Co. · Texas Department of Community Affairs v. Burdine · McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green · Anderson v. City of Bessemer City · International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 5,516 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“the record permits only one resolution of the factual issue.”
187 later decisions quote this exact passage“left with the definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been committed.”
68 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“the historical facts are admitted or established, the rule of law is undisputed, and the issue is whether the facts satisfy the statutory standard.”
49 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.