Marvin W. BROWN, Appellant, v. GASTON COUNTY DYEING MACHINE COMPANY, Appellee’s Empirical Analysis
457 F.2d 1377 · 1972
Citation profile
109 federal appellate · 18 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 186 later decisions (4 by the Supreme Court) — most recently May 2014 · most notably International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. United States (1977), Johnson v. Railway Express Agency, Inc. (1975)
109 federal appellate · 18 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (Civil Rights Act of 1866) · 42 U.S.C. § 1982 (Civil Rights Act of 1866) · 42 U.S.C. § 1988 · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 703 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 706 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on Griggs v. Duke Power Co. · Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co. · Sullivan v. Little Hunting Park, Inc. · Robinson v. Lorillard Corp. · Johnson v. Georgia Highway Express, Inc.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 186 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““Here, in the absence of objective criteria applied to all workers alike, the statistics indicate that race is the only identifiable factor explaining the disparity between the jobs held by white employees and those held by black employees. The proof discloses no objective standards based on education, experience, ability, length of service, reliability, or aptitude to account for the preferential employment of white workers . . . [Thus] the lack of objective guidelines for hiring and promotion and the failure to post notices of job vacancies are badges of discrimination that serve to corrobo rate, not to rebut, the racial bias pictured by the statistical pattern of the company’s work force.” 457 F.2d at 1383.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“badges of discrimination that serve to corroborate, not to rebut, the racial bias pictured by the statistical pattern of the ... work force.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“failure to establish 'fixed or reasonably objective standards and procedures for hiring' is a discriminatory practice”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.