Grossman v. State’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

4 federal appellate · 46 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 51 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “. . . [Entrapment occurs when a public law enforcement official, ... in order to obtain evidence of the commission of an offense, induces another person to commit such an offense by persuasion or inducement which would be effective to persuade an average person, other than one who is ready and willing, to commit such an offense. . . .””

   12 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. Bailey v. People · State v. Cripps

2. “It is plain enough that the underlying basis of entrapment is found in public policy, as discerned and announced by the courts. As Judge Learned Hand perceptively observed in United States v. Becker, 62 F.2d 1007, 1009 (2d Cir. 1933), ‘The whole doctrine derives from a spontaneous moral revulsion against using the powers of government to beguile innocent, though ductile, persons into lapses which they might otherwise resist.’”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. Municipality of Anchorage v. Flanagan

3. ““In applying the objective test we do not mean that the course of conduct between the officer and the defendant should be ignored. The transactions leading up to the offense, the interaction between the officer and the defendant, and the defendant’s response to the inducements of the officer are all to be considered in judging what the effect of the officer’s conduct would be on a normal person.””

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. England v. State