United States v. Williams’s Empirical Analysis
46 F.3d 57 · 1995
Citation profile
34 federal appellate · 2 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 65 later decisions — most recently April 2017 · most notably Romandine v. United States (2000), 125 F. App'x 973 - United States v. Cox (2005)
34 federal appellate · 2 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 3584 · 18 U.S.C. § 922 (Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act)
Relies on Boatmen's National Bank of St. Louis v. Carver · Air Line Pilots Ass'n v. Landry · Penn v. Parke State Bank · Carballo v. United States · Montague v. Rhay
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 65 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““[I]f a term of imprisonment is imposed on a defendant who is already subject to an undischarged term of imprisonment, the terms may run concurrently or consecutively.” 18 U.S.C. § 3584 (a).... Neither § 3584(a) nor any other statute of which we are aware authorizes a federal judge to declare that his sentence must run consecutively to some sentence that may be imposed in the future.... But sentences may well run consecutively by force of law; indeed, the subject may simply be out of the judge’s hands. The final sentence of § 3584(a) reads: “Multiple terms of imprisonment imposed at different times run consecutively unless the court orders that the terms are to run concurrently.” A judge cannot make his sentence concurrent to nonexistent sentences that some other tribunal may or may not impose; thus the sentence is automatically consecutive. The next judge in line may make service concurrent in practical effect. For example, the state judge could have given Romandine a discount of 10 months on account of his undischarged federal sentence. Likewise the Attorney General could make the federal sentence run concurrently by designating the state prison as a place of federal confinement, so that the clock would start to tick on the federal sentence. “A sentence to a term of imprisonment commences on the date the defendant is received in custody ... [at] the official detention facility at which the sentence is to be served.” 18 U.S.C. § 3585 (a). All the Attorney General has to do i”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The plain meaning of [18 U.S.C. 3584(a) ] is that multiple terms of imprisonment imposed at different times will normally run consecutively, unless the district court affirmatively orders that the terms be served concurrently.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The opening sentence of § 3584(a) establishes that this statute applies where multiple terms of imprisonment are imposed on a defendant at the same time, or where a term of imprisonment is imposed on a defendant. who is already subject to an undischarged term of imprisonment. The presumptions established by the last two sentences of § 3584(a) must be read in light of this limiting language at the beginning of the section. As defendant was neither subjected to multiple terms of imprisonment at the same time nor was he already subject to his state sentence when his federal sentence was imposed, the presumption that terms of imprisonment imposed at different times run consecutively does not apply to him.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.