¶1The plaintiff in error sued the defendant, in an action of trespass, for acts done in entering into possession and putting crops in upon certain lands in the year 1876. At the time the alleged trespass was committed the title to the lands was and had been in Edwin E. Goetchins, and the defendant Sanborn went into possession, under a lease from Edwin. The plaintiff claimed that under a previous oral agreement made between himself and his son Edwin, he, the plaintiff, upon making certain payments for the benefit of Edwin, was to receive from Edwin a deed of this land; that from the time of such agreement they, father *331and son, had worked the land together for their mutual benefit; that he, the plaintiff, had made the payments-agreed upon, and had taken actual possession of this land in-April, 1876, a month before the alleged trespass, filed his-bill in June, 1876, for specific performance of the oral agreement and obtained a decree in January, 1879; and he further claimed, that his title, by virtue of the chancery decree, related back to the time of the trespass complained of and thus enabled him to maintain the action.
¶2The possession taken by the plaintiff in April, 1876, was to go upon the land with a team and plow a few hours-This certainly was no ouster of Edwin, and there is nothing-in the record in this case, tending to show such a part performance of the oral agreement as would have entitled the complainant to a specific performance; but that perhaps is-of but little importance in the present controversy.
¶3The plaintiff herein had neither the legal title to, nor the actual possession of, the premises in 1876. Edwin was then the holder of the legal title, and had not only the constructive but actual possession of the premises. His possession was legal and he had an undoubted right to cultivate the-soil, and this right he could give to' another. No action could have been maintained against Edwin, in trespass, and his tenant is in no worse position. What was a legal act then could not be made illegal, by the doctrine of relation, which is to promote justice and prevent wrongs and not to-create them.
¶4Hpon no possible theory was the plaintiff entitled to recover, and the judgment must be affirmed with costs.