Lopez v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis
2012
Citation profile
1 federal appellate · 6 district · 21 state decisions
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 701 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 703 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 3617 (§ 818 of the Fair Housing Act (Title VIII, Civil Rights Act of 1968))
Relies on Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly · Ashcroft v. Iqbal · Pennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman · Griggs v. Duke Power Co. · Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 28 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) that the defendant committed “a wholly individual and distinct wrong ... separate and distinct from the claim in main”; (2) “that the aider or abetter shared an intent to discriminate not unlike that of the alleged principal offender”; and (3) that “the aider or abetter knew of his or her supporting role in an enterprise designed to deprive [the plaintiff] of a right guaranteed him or her under G.L. e. 151B.””
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“right to be free from discrimination in the terms, conditions, and privileges of employment”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“shall be construed liberally for the accomplishment of its purposes,”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.