Cooper v. Philip Morris, Inc.’s Empirical Analysis
464 F.2d 9 · 1972
Citation profile
33 federal appellate · 3 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 50 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently September 2011 · most notably Kremer v. Chemical Construction Corp. (1982), University of Tennessee v. Elliott (1986)
33 federal appellate · 3 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 701 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 706 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on United Steelworkers v. Warrior & Gulf Navigation Co. · United Steelworkers of America v. Enterprise Wheel and Car Corp · Vaca v. Sipes · United Steelworkers v. American Manufacturing Co. · Boys Markets, Inc. v. Retail Clerks Union, Local 770
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 50 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The Congressional policy here sought to be enforced is one of eliminating employment discrimination, and the statutory enforcement scheme contemplates a resort to the federal remedy if the state machinery has proved inadequate. The federal remedy is independent and cumulative ... and it facilitates comprehensive relief.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“substantial weight to final findings and orders made by State or local authorities in proceedings commenced under State or local [employment discrimination] law.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“In many areas effective enforcement is hampered by inadequate legislation, inadequate procedures, or an inadequate budget.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.