Gray v. Creamer’s Empirical Analysis
465 F.2d 179 · 1972
Citation profile
50 federal appellate · 12 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 130 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently September 2020 · most notably Procunier v. Martinez (1974), Meachum v. Fano (1976)
50 federal appellate · 12 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1343 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Conley v. Gibson · Haines v. Kerner · Goldberg v. Kelly · Hague v. Committee for Industrial Organization · Cruz v. Beto
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 130 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“. This decision is consistent with a great number of federal court decisions indicating that the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution requires that certain safeguards accompany the imposition by state prison authorities of substantial punishment. 465 F. at 185 (emphasis supplied).”
8 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“. . . the transfer of a prisoner from the general prison population to solitary confinement without either notice of the charges or a hearing 6 10 does not, absent unusual circumstances . . ., meet minimal due process requirements.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Bauer v. Sielaff · Vice v. Harvey“to less stringent standards than formal pleadings drafted by lawyers.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.