Spencer v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1971
Citation profile
30 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 30 later decisions — most recently July 2007 · most notably Webb v. State (1988), Denison v. State (1983)
30 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on United States v. Wade · Gilbert v. California · Martinez v. State · White v. State · 171 Tex. Crim. 130 - Pennington v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 30 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“By `clear and convincing' is meant `so clear as to leave no substantial doubt' and `sufficiently strong to command the unhesitating assent of every reasonable mind.'”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Montanez v. State“Ladies and Gentlemen, the State has proved its case. We are entitled and Dallas County is entitled to a verdict of guilty.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Aguirre v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.