Massachusetts v. Upton’s Empirical Analysis
1984
Citation profile
264 federal appellate · 93 district · 817 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,413 later decisions (29 by the Supreme Court) — most recently April 2025 · most notably United States v. Leon (1984), Delaware v. Van Arsdall (1986)
264 federal appellate · 93 district · 817 state decisions — followed in 44 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Illinois v. Gates · Aguilar v. Texas · Brinegar v. United States · Spinelli v. United States · United States v. Ventresca
Cited together with Illinois v. Gates · United States v. Leon · Spinelli v. United States · Aguilar v. Texas · United States v. Ventresca
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,413 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A deferential standard of review is appropriate to further the Fourth Amendment's strong preference for searches conducted pursuant to a warrant.”
75 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'bits and pieces of information in isolation.'”
26 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“determine whether there is substantial evidence in the record supporting the magistrate's decision to issue the warrant.”
25 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.