Florida v. Rodriguez’s Empirical Analysis
1984
Citation profile
203 federal appellate · 56 district · 431 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 831 later decisions (32 by the Supreme Court) — most recently August 2025 · most notably United States v. Sokolow (1989), Florida v. Bostick (1991)
203 federal appellate · 56 district · 431 state decisions — followed in 33 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Schneckloth v. Bustamonte · Florida v. Royer · United States v. Mendenhall · Secretary of State of Maryland v. Joseph H Munson Company Inc
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 831 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“clearly the sort of consensual encounter that implicates no Fourth Amendment interest.”
15 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“certain seizures are justifiable . . . if there is articulable suspicion that a person has committed or is about to commit a crime”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The three confederates ... had spoken furtively to one another. One was twice overheard urging the others to `get out of here.' Respondent's strange movements in his attempt to evade the officers aroused further justifiable suspicion....”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.