47 Md. App. 513 - Craddock v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1981
Citation profile
9 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 9 later decisions — most recently June 2010
9 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 751
Relies on United States v. Bailey · 43 Cal. App. 3d 823 - People v. Lovercamp · Idaho Evans v. Oregon and Washington · 42 Md. App. 617 - Robinson v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 9 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[Ajmong other items that need to be shown, before the Court must instruct the jury on that matter, is that the person made a bona fide effort to surrender or return to custody as soon as the claimed duress or necessity had lost its coercive force. That was decided by the Supreme Court in Bailey . It’s adopted in Craddock by the Court of Special Appeals. And was adopted by the Fourth Circuit in Samo. Here the evidence is such that even if one assumes without deciding there was the stress of the moment if you will when Mr. Randolph saw the handcuffs and decided or reacted in his view to the notion that, well, he wasn’t going back to Clarksburg, didn’t want to go back to Clarksburg, there is no question here that after the event, that is to say the leaving of the facility, we don’t have to call it an escape, but the leaving of the facility for a substantial period of time during which there was a cooling off, the defendant had conversations with his mother. The defendant called his counselor at the facility to, my words not his, “sort of feel out” the situation. “What’s going on?” “What’ll happen if I come back?” “What’ll happen if I stay out?” There is clearly, there was deliberation and thoughtfulness and coolness on his part. So at the very least that element is not made out by the evidence.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“(1) The prisoner is faced with a specific threat of death, forcible sexual attack or substantial bodily injury in the immediate future; (2) There is no time for a complaint to the authorities or there exists a history of futile complaints which make any result from such complaints illusory; (3) There is no time or opportunity to resort to the courts; (4) There is no evidence of force or violence used towards prison personnel or other “innocent” persons in the escape; and (5) The prisoner immediately reports to the proper authorities when he has attained a position of safety from the immediate threat.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. State v. Miller
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.