Joyner v. Whiting’s Empirical Analysis
477 F.2d 456 · 1973
Citation profile
17 federal appellate · 4 district · 8 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 49 later decisions — most recently July 2019 · most notably Charles Kincaid v. Betty Gibson, et al. (2001), Donna Bertot v. School District No. 1, Albany County, Wyoming, Martha Sweeney v. School District No. 1, Albany County, Wyoming (1975)
17 federal appellate · 4 district · 8 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 2000D · 42 U.S.C. § 2000D
Relies on Brown et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka et al. · Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District · United States v. W. T. Grant Co. · Sherbert v. Verner · Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. Federal Communications Commission
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 49 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[a] college, acting 'as the instrumentality of the State, may not restrict speech ... simply because it finds the views expressed by any group to be abhorrent.'”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Koala v. Khosla · Swope v. Lubbers“The [district] court’s rationale disregards the distinction between the First Amendment's clause prohibiting the establishment of religion and its clause protecting freedom of the press. Neither federal nor state governments may expend funds to establish a religion. The First Amendment, however, contains no similar ban against speech or press. Both governments may spend money to publish the positions they take on controversial subjects.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“When a college paper receives a subsidy from the state, there are strong arguments for insisting that its columns be open to the expression of contrary views and that its publication enhance, not inhibit, free speech.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.