Public-domain · open source
OpenJurist
← 477 P3D 746 - v. Viburg

v. Viburg’s Empirical Analysis

2020

Citation profile

6
cited by 6 later decisions
1
states following
January 2022
most recently cited

5 state decisions

Relationships

Applies 8 U.S.C. § 1325 (§ 275 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter))

Relies on Apprendi v. New Jersey · Blakely v. Washington · Jones v. United States · 139 S. Ct. 2319 - United States v. Davis · United States Ex Pel Attorney General of the United States v. Delaware & Hudson Company Same

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 6 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

  1. “but it is a class 4 felony if the violation occurred after three or more prior convictions, arising out of separate and distinct criminal episodes,”
    2 later decisions quote this exact passage
  2. “must be proved to the jury beyond a reasonable doubt.”
    2 later decisions quote this exact passage

How this case has been treated — in progress

Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.