48 N.C. App. 481 - State v. Trapper’s Empirical Analysis
1980
Citation profile
5 federal appellate · 41 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 49 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently May 2019 · most notably 96 N.C. App. 389 - State v. Jones (1989), United States v. Gorman (1996)
5 federal appellate · 41 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Aguilar v. Texas · Delaware v. Prouse · United States v. Brignoni-Ponce · Dunaway v. New York
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 49 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[Consistent with the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments, a person or vehicle may be detained for further investigation by a law enforcement officer without a warrant and without probable cause to believe a crime has been committed if the officer has a reasonable suspicion, that can be articulated, that a crime is being committed. The detention must not be unreasonable in length and the investigation must be reasonable.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“Hyde County is on the coast of North Carolina in an area which is regularly used by smugglers of marijuana,”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.