48 U.S.C. § 861
Section 861 · Repealed. July 3, 1950, ch. 446, 5(2), 64 Stat. 320
Applied in 5 court decisions — leading case Gelpi v. Tugwell (1941)
Most recently applied in Riera v. Riera (November 1945)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
Section, acts Mar. 2, 1917, ch. 145, 40, 39 Stat. 965; May 17, 1932, ch. 190, 47 Stat. 158, vested judicial power in courts established and in operation on Mar. 2, 1917, provided for appointment of chief justice and associate justices of the supreme court by President with advice and consent of United States Senate, and authorized Puerto Rican legislature to organize, modify or rearrange the courts and their jurisdiction and procedure, except United States District Court.