Johnson v. Transportation Agency, Santa Clara Cty.’s Empirical Analysis
1987
Citation profile
382 federal appellate · 84 district · 110 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,002 later decisions (57 by the Supreme Court) — most recently October 2024 · most notably Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins (1989), Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc. (1998)
382 federal appellate · 84 district · 110 state decisions — followed in 18 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedthe decision below (from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 2000D · 42 U.S.C. § 2000D · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 701 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 703 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000E (§ 706 of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)
Relies on McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green · Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York · Monroe v. Pape · International Brotherhood of Teamsters v. United States · Griggs v. Duke Power Co.
Cited together with Wygant v. Jackson Board of Education · United Steelworkers of America v. Weber · City of Richmond v. J. A. Croson Co. · Regents of the University of California v. Bakke · McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,002 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“If such a plan is articulated as the basis for the employer's decision, the burden shifts to the plaintiff to prove that . . . the plan is invalid.”
26 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[O]ne must ignore rudimentary principles of political science to draw any conclusions regarding that intent from the failure to enact legislation. The `complicated check on legislation,' The Federalist No. 62, p. 378 (C. Rossiter ed. 1961), erected by our Constitution creates an inertia that makes it impossible to assert with any degree of assurance that congressional failure to act represents (1) approval of the status quo, as opposed to (2) inability to agree upon how to alter the status quo, (3) unawareness of the status quo, (4) indifference to the status quo, or even (5) political cowardice.”
22 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“justified by the existence of a `manifest imbalance'”
13 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. John Doe, a Minor, by His Mother and Next Friend, Jane Doe, and Josephine Helelani Pauahi Rabago, Intervenor, Kamehameha Schools/bernice Pauahi Bishop Estate Constance H. Lau, Nainoa Thompson, Diane J. Plotts, Robert K.U. Kihune, J. Douglasing, in Their Capacities as Trustees of the Kamehameha Schools/bernice Pauahi Bishop Estate · 764 F. Supp. 364 - Podberesky v. Kirwan
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.