Richardson v. Marsh’s Empirical Analysis
1987
Citation profile
1,626 federal appellate · 287 district · 1,095 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 4,606 later decisions (52 by the Supreme Court) — most recently March 2026 · most notably United States v. Olano (1993), Zafiro v. United States (1993)
1,626 federal appellate · 287 district · 1,095 state decisions — followed in 45 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedMarsh v. Richardson (from Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Bruton v. United States · Wainwright v. Sykes · Pointer v. Texas · Moran v. Burbine
Cited together with Bruton v. United States · Zafiro v. United States · Gray v. Maryland · Jackson v. Virginia · Chapman v. State of California
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 4,606 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“powerfully incriminating extrajudicial statements of a codefendant,”
172 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The rule that juries are presumed to follow their instructions is a pragmatic one, rooted less in the absolute certitude that the presumption is true than in the belief that it represents a reasonable practical accommodation of the interests of the state and the defendant in the criminal justice process.”
76 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the almost invariable assumption of the law that jurors follow their instructions”
39 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.