New York v. Burger’s Empirical Analysis
1987
Citation profile
502 federal appellate · 133 district · 596 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 1,838 later decisions (30 by the Supreme Court) — most recently June 2026 · most notably Whren v. United States (1996), Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives' Assn. (1989)
502 federal appellate · 133 district · 596 state decisions — followed in 40 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Katz v. United States · Immigration & Naturalization Service v. Cardoza-Fonseca · Camara v. Municipal Court of City and County of San Francisco · New Jersey v. T. L. O. · See v. City of Seattle
Cited together with Donovan v. Dewey · United States v. Biswell · See v. City of Seattle · Marshall v. Barlow's, Inc. · Katz v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,838 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“the statute's inspection program, in terms of the certainty and regularity of its application, [must] provid[e] a constitutionally adequate substitute for a warrant.”
155 later decisions quote this exact passage“owner[s] or operator[s] ... in a 'closely regulated' industry ha[ve] [some, albeit] reduced expectation of privacy”
16 later decisions quote this exact passage“constitutionally adequate substitute for a warrant.”
15 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.