Zimmerer v. Spencer’s Empirical Analysis
485 F.2d 176 · 1973
Citation profile
25 federal appellate · 3 district · 9 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 57 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently July 1993 · most notably Carey v. Piphus (1978), Hostrop v. Board of Junior College District No. 515 (1975)
25 federal appellate · 3 district · 9 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth · United Steelworkers v. Warrior & Gulf Navigation Co. · Perry v. Sindermann · William C. Ferguson v. Alvin I. Thomas
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 57 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““To have a property interest in a benefit, a person clearly must have more than an abstract need or desire for it, he must have more than an unilateral expectation of it, he must, instead, have a legitimate claim to it * * *» * -* * -X- * * “Property interests, of course, were not created by the Constitution. Rather they were created and their dimensions were defined by existing rules or understandings that stem from an independent source such as state law—rules or understandings that secure certain benefits and that support claims of entitlement to those benefits * * See Roth, supra.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.