Bowen v. Georgetown University Hospital’s Empirical Analysis
1988
Citation profile
1,494 federal appellate · 594 district · 253 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 4,321 later decisions (83 by the Supreme Court) — most recently December 2025 · most notably Landgraf v. USI Film Products (1994), United States v. Mead Corp. (2001)
1,494 federal appellate · 594 district · 253 state decisions — followed in 32 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedthe decision below (from District of Columbia Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Chevron U. S. A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. · Securities and Exchange Commission v. Chenery Corporation Same · Securities and Exchange Commission v. Chenery Corporation · Burlington Truck Lines, Inc. v. United States · Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.
Cited together with Chevron U. S. A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. · Bradley v. School Board of City of Richmond · Landgraf v. USI Film Products · Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corp. v. Bonjorno · Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association of United States Inc v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company Consumer Alert
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 4,321 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“congressional enactments and administrative rules will not be construed to have retroactive effect unless their language requires this result.”
172 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“agency litigating positions that are wholly unsupported by regulations, rulings, or administrative practice.”
38 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Deference to what appears to be nothing more than an agency's convenient litigating position would be entirely inappropriate.”
27 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.