Dugger v. Adams’s Empirical Analysis
1989
Citation profile
357 federal appellate · 15 district · 115 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 824 later decisions (18 by the Supreme Court) — most recently April 2024 · most notably Schlup v. Delo (1995), Sawyer v. Whitley (1992)
357 federal appellate · 15 district · 115 state decisions — followed in 18 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedAdams v. Dugger (from Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Wainwright v. Sykes · Murray v. Carrier · Donnelly v. DeChristoforo · Darden v. Wainwright · Mullaney v. Wilbur
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 824 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“to establish a Caldwell violation, a defendant necessarily must show that the remarks to the jury improperly described the role assigned to the jury by local law.”
22 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Hooks v. Workman · McDonald v. Delo“[d]emonstrating that an error is by its nature the kind of error that might have affected the accuracy of a death sentence is far from demonstrating that an individual defendant probably is 'actually innocent' of the sentence he or she received.”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“probably resulted in the conviction of one who is actually innocent,”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.