Todd v. Lockhart’s Empirical Analysis
490 F.2d 626 · 1974
Citation profile
33 federal appellate · 2 district · 27 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 76 later decisions — most recently June 2014 · most notably State v. Ballard (1981), Fruchtman v. Kenton (1976)
33 federal appellate · 2 district · 27 state decisions — followed in 17 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Boykin v. Alabama · McCarthy v. United States · Hardin v. United States · Riddell v. Rhay, Penitentiary Superintendent · State v. Darling
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 76 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““. . . [W]e hold that once a state prisoner has demonstrated that the plea taking was not conducted in accordance with Boykin, the state may, if it affirmatively proves in a post-conviction hearing that the plea was voluntary and intelligent, obviate the necessity of vacating the plea.””
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority““We note that Boykin enumerated three constitutional rights which are waived by a plea of guilty, and those rights are: the right to a jury trial, the right to confront one’s accusers, and the privilege against self-incrimination. But we agree that Boykin does not require the express articulation and waiver of these three rights at the time the plea is entered.” Todd v. Lockhart, 490 F.2d at 628 fn. 1.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.