491 So. 2d 1120 - Murray v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1986
Citation profile
64 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 66 later decisions — most recently July 2015 · most notably Daniels v. State (1992), 845 So. 2d 74 - Lugo v. State (2003)
64 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on 103 S. Ct. 247 - Beneficial Finance of Kansas, Inc. v. United States · Steinhorst v. State · 438 So. 2d 1 - Palmer v. State · 471 So. 2d 32 - Tillman v. State · 413 So. 2d 741 - Hitchcock v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 66 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[W]e find the sexual battery of the victim sufficiently separate in nature, time, and place from the armed robbery charge to justify application of the consecutive mandatory minimums. While the entire event could be labeled a "single criminal episode," the sexual battery occurred in one place and constituted one invasion of the victim, while the robberies committed under the threat of gunpoint occurred in other places and represented a separate and additional violation of the victim's most basic rights. The nature of these crimes and the manner of their commission justified the Fourth District's holding in this regard.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage“In Palmer , we found error in the trial court’s imposition of consecutive mandatory minimums for each of thirteen robbery counts, totalling thirty-nine years, when the robberies had taken place in the same manner at one place and time. Even in Palmer , however, we noted that the language of section 775.021(4), Florida Statutes (1981), granted the trial court discretion to impose separate sentences, either concurrently or consecutively for each separate criminal offense arising out of a single criminal episode. See 775.021(4), Fla. Stat. (1983). We additionally noted that nor do we prohibit [by this holding] consecutive mandatory minimum sentences for offenses arising from separate incidents occurring at separate times and places.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“[t]he district court ... properly found the sexual batteries to have occurred at the same time and place, and thus properly required the two mandatory minimums therefore to be served concurrently.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.