Hoots v. Pennsylvania’s Empirical Analysis
495 F.2d 1095 · 1974
Citation profile
10 federal appellate · 1 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 37 later decisions — most recently July 2016 · most notably 16 Fair empl.prac.cas. 280, 11 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 10,637 Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Joseph R. Rizzo, Fire Commissioner Appeal of Fire Officers Union (1976), United States v. O'Neil (1983)
10 federal appellate · 1 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on National Ass'n for the Advancement of Colored People v. New York
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 37 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“to intervene in this action immediately,”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.