United States v. Freeman’s Empirical Analysis
498 F.3d 893 · 2007
Citation profile
24 federal appellate · 1 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 77 later decisions — most recently December 2024 · most notably United States v. Reed (2009), United States v. Brooks (2010)
24 federal appellate · 1 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 3553 · 21 U.S.C. § 846 (§ 406 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Jackson v. Virginia · United States v. Booker · Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. · Kumho Tire Company, Ltd., et al. v. Patrick Carmichael, Etc., et al. · General Electric Co. v. Joiner
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 77 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“the use of case agents as both expert and lay witnesses is not so inherently suspect that it should be categorically prohibited”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage“[t]estimony of this kind may save time and expense, and will not necessarily result in juror confusion, provided that the district court engages in vigilant gatekeeping.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage“[gjovernment experts may “testify as to the general practices of criminals to establish the defendants’ modus operandi” which “helps the jury to understand complex criminal activities, and alerts it to the possibility that combinations of seemingly innocuous events may indi cate criminal behavior.” United States v. Valencia-Amezcua, 278 F.3d 901 , 908-09 (9th Cir.2002) (quoting United States v. Johnson, 735 F.2d 1200 , 1202 (9th Cir.1984)). We have allowed mo-dus operandi testimony that “drug traffickers often employ counter-surveillance driving techniques, register cars in others’ names, make narcotics and cash deliveries in public parking lots, and frequently use pagers and public telephones.” Id. at 909 n. 4.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.