Parker v. Dugger’s Empirical Analysis
1991
Citation profile
233 federal appellate · 29 district · 214 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 706 later decisions (22 by the Supreme Court) — most recently March 2025 · most notably Woodford v. Visciotti (2002), Stringer v. Black (1992)
233 federal appellate · 29 district · 214 state decisions — followed in 22 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedParker v. Dugger (from Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Gregg v. Georgia · Lockett v. Ohio · Eddings v. Oklahoma · Zant v. Stephens · Dobbert v. Florida
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 706 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“emphasized repeatedly the crucial role of meaningful appellate review in ensuring that the death penalty is not imposed arbitrarily or irrationally.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“This is not simply an error in assessing the mitigating evidence. Had the Florida Supreme Court conducted its own examination of the trial and sentencing hearing records and concluded that there were no mitigating circumstances, ■ a different question would be presented. Similarly, if the trial judge had found no mitigating circumstances and the Florida Supreme Court had relied on that finding, our review would be very different.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Poyson v. Ryan · Poyson v. Ryan“to enter an order directing the State of Florida to initiate appropriate proceedings in state court so that [Glock's] death sentence may be reconsidered in the light of the [unconstitutional HAC instruction],”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.